ANTI AMOEBIC DRUG - NITROMIDAZOLES

                                    NITROMIDAZOLE

MECHANISM : These drugs gets activated once it enters the microorganism and forms cytotoxic products that damage DNA. Its bio activation happens only in anaerobic micro organisms .  

DRUGS : METRONIDAZOLE , TINIDAZOLE , SATRANIDAZOLE .

PHARMACOKINETICS :

1. These drugs taken orally and I.V
2. Metabolized in liver 
3. Excreted in urine 
4. Tinidazole and Satranidazole is longer acting than metronidazole ( potency and efficacy are same )

USE :

1. Intestinal and extra-intestinal amoebiasis 
2. Trichomoniasis
3. Giardiasis
4. Bacterial Vaginosis
5. Anaerobic bacteria like bacteroides , clostridium 
6. Combination therapy for H.pylori

ADVERSE EFFECTS :

1. Metallic taste
2. Discoloration of urine 
3. Dizziness and Seizure 
4. Disulphiram like action 
5. Nausea 
6. Leukopenia 
7. Abdominal cramps 

TREATMENT OF AMOEBIC DYSENTERY :

METRONIDAZOLE 500 mg 3 times/day 

                      +

DILOXAMIDE FUROATE 500 mg 3 times / day

Diloxamide furoate is a very powerful intestinal amoebicide

Metronidazole is an active extra-intestinal amoebicide , it acts as intestianl amoebicide as well .